Essay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs

Chapter 1: The Invention of Writing - From the early Paleolithic to the Neolithic period (35,000 BC to 4,000 BC), early Africans and Europeans left paintings in caves, including the Lascaux caves in Southern France. - Early pictures were made for survival and for utilitarian and ritualistic purposes. - Petroglyphs are carved or scratched signs on rock. - These images became symbols for what would be the first spokenlanguage. - Cuneiform – Wedged shaped writing, created in 3000BC. Started as pictographs. - With the discovery of cuneiform, there was a knowledge explosion, where libraries were organized filling with tablets about religion, mathematics, and history. Writing enabled society to stabilize itself, and laws were†¦show more content†¦- Chinese is thought to have been invented by Tsang Chieh, who was inspired to invent writing after studying the claw marks of birds. - Chinese characters are logograms meaning that each character represents an entire word (like $ = dollar). - Paper, a Chinese invention, is attributed with the high government official Ts’ai Lun. - Ts’ai Lun’s method of making paper was unchanged until nineteenth century England. - After the invention of paper, the Chinese also began to use it for wrapping presents, wallpaper, napkins and toilet paper. - Printing was invented by the Chinese. - The first method of printing was block printing, using stamps. - Rubbings were also made by carving words into stone, then inking the stone and making a print on a piece of paper. This is also known as relief printing. - The oldest surviving printed manuscript is the Diamond Sutra. - Around 1000AD, paper money was printed. - An early form of Chinese graphic design was playing cards. - In 1045 AD, Chinese alchemist Pi Sheng developed movable type, using clay and glue. - Because types are not moveable, characters were organized by rhyme. - Moveable type never replaced the handcut woodblock of the orient. - The invention of paper and printing arrived in Europe just as the Renaissance began. Chapter 4: Illuminated Manuscripts - Hand-written books are referred to as Illuminated Manuscripts. - Two notable traditions of illuminated

Addiction a Three Part Disease - 1072 Words

Ricardo Justin Ballinas Sue Wright, M.A. English 1301-Composition M-W 1:30 pm – 2:50 pm Ricardo Ballinas Addiction: A Three Part Disease October 1st, 2012 Sue Wright Addiction: A Three Part Disease Addiction can be separated into three categories: mind (neurological), body (physical), and spirit (psychological). Within in this breakdown addiction can possibly be explained and properly understood. In order to better understand addiction as a disease as opposed to a moral dilemma it first must be broken down. First you must look at the way in which the chemicals affect the brain. The first attempt at partaking in any mind altering substance can be looked at as a choice to the individual. However what happens after that first†¦show more content†¦It is believed that certain individuals are predisposed or vulnerable to addiction based on biological, psychological and social influences. The euphoric high produced by many addictive substances is the result of overstimulation of the â€Å"pleasure center† of the brain. This is the same area that controls emotions, fear, self-control and overall feelings of wellness. The presence of these foreign chemicals creates a response that the brain will crave as soon as it fades. The brain’s chemistry works against its own health, as it rewires its decision making faculties around the primary goal of finding and taking more of the drug† (1). Many people mistakenly believe that psychological addiction is somehow less serious or real than physical addiction. The psychological aspects of addiction are much more challenging to repair and recover from than the physical addiction. Psychological addiction can last for years or even a lifetime. The biological aspect of addiction takes into account the genetic and inherited components of addiction, as well as the effects of addiction on the body itself. It also includes the neurobiological and neurobehavioral theories and studies, which are becoming the most popular ways in studying addiction. The physical component of addiction primarily relies on the dependence of the substance, the tolerance that the body creates as a result, and the experience of withdrawal symptoms. The psychologicalShow MoreRelatedA Critical Look At Brain Disease1371 Words   |  6 PagesLook at Brain Disease Addiction, such as drug or alcohol addiction, is explained by a Dr. Nora Volkow in a HBO series on addiction as a disease of the brain that translates into abnormal behavior. This disease is known as brain disease which refers to disruptions in the brain s motivational and reward circuitry that results from the cumulative effect of repeated use of certain substances. The documentary, Addiction, drove home the point that drug addiction is a brain disease that is a chronicRead MoreAddiction: Is it a Disease or a Choice? 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Organizational Citizenship Behaviors System - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors System. Answer: Introduction: Established in 1997, DSS has been providing consultation services to small school districts. In 1990s, the company saw a good growth and to manage the work the company divided its work into four major departments that was Procurement and Systems, Information Technology, Contract Negotiation, and Facilities Planning handled by department heads. In 2005, the leadership of the company fell into new hands as founders were losing their involvement in the company. Also, with the changing work demands new and expanded work areas was in demand and this led to change in the strategy of DSS. Meg Cooke become the CEO of the company and she decided to increase the companys work are to the larger district. The case presented here resolves the issue between Ms. Chris Peterson and Ms. Meg Crook. A project on which Chris and her team have worked very hard is asked to be discontinued by the CEO of the company Meg Crook (Ancona, Caldwell, 2010). Chris has been given a choice of leading the group in new directions or select the role of the functional specialist in IT. As an employee and as a leader it is crucial to understand various attributes of the organization and skills of Chris in relation with the organizational behavior and human resource development. It is on Chris to select the position she wants to be with DSS and what option would suit her best (Andrews, 2015). Point of Views As the CEO of the company Meg Crook has to integrate the new marketing strategies with the services provided by the consulting firm (Bambacas, 2010). Meg Crook took the decision to discontinue the project on which Chris Peterson was working and offered her other two options to select. If one is in place of Chris Peterson, one should analyze the situation and the factors which resulted in such decision that Meg Crook took about Chriss project. To analyze the factors, a SWOT Analysis will be we very beneficial (Erkutlu, 2011). If I have been in place of the CEO Meg Crook then, I would have at least given a chance to Chris Peterson and her team to once again go through the project and try to solve whatever minor faults it has. As a CEO wherever possible I should have given my output and then taken a decision about continuing or discontinuing the project. SWOT Analysis Chris Petersons leadership skills are quite extraordinary which is reflected in the way she selected the team. She does not lose her control even in the hard situation like in the situation of growing misunderstanding between the team members she took them out and gave them time to de-stress and then think for the solution of the problem. Her leadership quality is acknowledged by Meg Crook the CEO of the company also, therefore, she was given many perks (Harrison, 2017). If referred to weaknesses, then the lack of enthusiasm of the team was the main weakness or drawback in the project. Chris negligence on the happenings of the market and updating on the strategies required for the companys growth affected the development of the project. There was a lack of communication between the Meg and Chris otherwise Meg would have given some guidance for a better strategized project (McClendon, 2013). Chris had so many perks which she should have used to develop a large scale project that would have been in favor of the growth of the company. With her leadership skills, she has a chance to enhance the morale of her team and decide to move in a different direction and develop projects that match the new business strategies of the company. With better communication skills Chris can use the support of other members of the consultation firms and produce a better plan (Robinson-Walker, 2015). The team will get demotivated from the discontinuation of the project as the team has put a lot of efforts on the project development. The team members may lose their confidence on Chris as a leader who will affect her decision that she will take of either of the options she was given. During the project development the team of the firm members of Chris has not kept any communication with other members of the firm and their negligence was reflected in the lack of support, this may continue further as people may become reluctant towards the team members (Sandoff, Nilsson, 2016). After analyzing the factors associated with the organization and leadership process of Chris Peterson, it is clear that the situation is not very favorable for her and her team, but with her leadership skills and the way she handles the situations, there will no problem for her to handle this situation also. Analysis and Action Plan Chris Peterson has been provided with two options, and according to Meg Crook, both options are good for her to opt. It is important to analyze both the options and then decide which option suits Chris Peterson better. The first option is to lead the group to a new direction, that means the same team but a new theme, a new project, and new strategies (Schwarz, 2013). This option is better for Chris as she will pursue her position as the leader of the team which she has gathered will lot of thinking process. Though this team may get demotivated as their team efforts were not acknowledged, under the guidance of Chris they can develop better projects for the consultation firm. The negatives of choosing this option for Chris will be the requirement of success that will have to achieve to prove her skills. She has to start a fresh and totally new project that means starting from the scratch. The team may not be ready to become her teams part (Young, 2016). Another option given to Chris was to change her field of work and become function specialist in IT. The positives of this option are that Chris can explore a new field of work that will enhance her knowledge. She will be able to forget the loss of efforts she faced in the current project. With new people and new field, she may generate better projects for the company (Andrews, 2015). Though it is a good option for Chris to select, there are reasons that may not go well for her. This option means to learn everything from starting, so she will lose her leadership position and become a subordinate. This is not the field she excels in, therefore; the result can be a total wrong position for her to accept. After analyzing both options pros and cons, it is analyzed that the first option of taking a new direction of work for the team is better suited Chris Peterson, and as well as to the company as she is an asset for the company (Bambacas, 2010). Conclusion Meg Crook as a CEO of DSS has the responsibility to retain good employs in the company and select projects that help in the growth of the company. She gave two options to Chris Peterson after she discontinued the project that Chris Peterson was working on so that a hard working employee and her team remain in the firm and they are made aware of the expectation company have from them. Chris, on the other hand, has to prove her skills and talent as a leader to maintain her leadership in the organization. Chris had two options and after analyzing all the factors and pros and cons of the options given to her it is concluded that she should select the option of continuing her leadership and take a new direction for her and her team members. Recommendation She could take a new direction with her team She can use her project experience for better prospects in future Chris should work on her communication skill She could take this as an opportunity to prove her caliber Chris can learn about a new field that will add to her career prospective Company is expanding its working area to larger districts which can give bright future to Chris Chris has some great leadership skills which she can utilize in exploring a better team References Ancona, D., Caldwell, D. (2010). Chris Peterson at DSS Consulating, 1-8. Andrews, C. (2015). Embedded Librarianship. The International Journal Of Educational Organization And Leadership, 22(2), 1-14. Bambacas, M. (2010). Organizational handling of careers influences managers' organizational commitment. Journal Of Management Development, 29(9), 807-827. Erkutlu, H. (2011). The moderating role of organizational culture in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 32(6), 532-554. Harrison, R. (2017). Leadership, leadership development and all that jazz. Leadership, 13(1), 81-99. McClendon, L. (2013). The Synergist: How to Lead Your Team to Predictable Successby Les McKeown. Organization Management Journal, 10(3), 209-210. Robinson-Walker, C. (2015). Whos Working Harder?.Nurse Leader, 13(2), 12-20. Sandoff, M., Nilsson, K. (2016). How staff experience teamwork challenges in a new organizational structure. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 22(7/8), 415-427. Schwarz, R. (2013). How Well Does Your Leadership Team Really Work?.Leader To Leader, 2014(71), 54-59. Young, M. (2016). Managing employees. BDJ Team, 3(4), 16066. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bdjteam.2016.66

Mies Van Der Rohe an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Mies Van Der Rohe by Expert Hyperwriter | 14 Dec 2016 Clarity, logic and order; these are the main principles that describe Mies van der Rohes style. This was because he believed that these traits were essential in the creation of order in an otherwise desperate confusion (Whitman, 1969). Need essay sample on "Mies Van Der Rohe" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Mies van der Rohe is known for his Less in More approach to architecture that emphasized on the integrity of the structure and the authenticity of the materials. The overall objective was the effective creation and utilization of space. He has been quoted as saying that Architecture is the will of an epoch translated into space (Whitman, 1969). During his architectural life, Mies has been credited with the creation of monumental architecture (Great Buildings, 2008). Born in 1886 in Aachen, Germany, Mies van der Rohe rose from humble beginning to go down in history as the father of modern architecture. His father was a master stone mason and until he was 19, he trained with his father. In Berlin, he was privileged to work for Paul Bruno, a furniture designer and architect. From 1908 to 1912, he worked for Peter Behrens (Great Buildings, 2008). It was under the stewardship of Behrens that Mies developed his keen interest in Prussian classicism, Russian constructivism and advanced structure techniques. He also developed his glass and steel design style from Karl F. Schinkels lintel construction. From there on he opened his own practice. College Students Very Often Tell EssayLab specialists: Who wants to write essay for me? Specialists suggest: Your Academic Success Is Our Goal What probably catapulted him into the limelight was the 1921 Fridrichstrasse skyscraper which he designed for a competition. Albeit it was built, it played the role of a critical in forecasting his future with breathtaking skyscrapers. The 20s was a defining period for him as he was involved with organizations that supported modern art. He was also responsible for the introduction of ribbon windows to the architecture world; a concept hat has since been widely embraced (Whitman, 1969). One of his most famous buildings is the German Pavilion of 1929 that was a mark of his superior creative ability. Its marble and glass walls were could be moved about as they did not support the pavilions wall. The concept of seamless space use was fully explored. This particular piece of work was an expression of skin and bone clarity, something that was synonymous with Mies work (Design Boom, 2008). The economic slump that faced Germany saw a sharp decline in the building rate, and this lead to the relocation of Mies to The United States in 1937 and his reputation had preceded him. This marked the second phase of his career as an architect although he stayed true to his style. The Farnsworth House was said to be the most radically minimalist house ever designed that propagated his flexible and open use of space concept. In 1951 the designed twin Towers in Chicago was completed and this led to the onset of a string of skyscrapers in New York, Detroit among other major US cities. However, it was in 1954 that the skyscraper masterpiece of all time, the Seagram Building, was created (Design Boom, 2008). Undoubtedly, Mies has had considerable influence on the direction of modern architecture. Ever since his presence began being noticed after World War II, Mies has been of a forward trend in gaining popularity. His structures have been known, admired and highly appreciated for their simplicity and uniqueness. His works demonstrated a deep understanding of the importance of keen craftsmanship and attention to detail. Maybe this was a reflection of himself; he was an exquisite but conservative dresser who loved to dine and wine. In essence, Mies style is deliberately, simple, clear and reasonable. He said many at times that his architecture was so that anybody could pull off. His intention was that the building created would be a true statement of its times (Whitman, 2008). For example, he thought that the George Washington Bridge, New York was a bold representation of a structural period. Despite the fact that the building was proportionally grand, its structure was not concealed by ornamentation. His love for simplicity in architecture emphasized on the importance of grasping the fundamentals and that any material could be made into whatever one needed it to be and that the newest of materials were not necessarily the most superior. Mies has been criticized of being arrogant of that fact that the many glasses he uses lead to excessive solar exposure. He has also been accused of making his structures appear machine made, rather than the hand made structures that they really are. Some have dubbed his work as less is a bore. He has also been accused of being indifferent to the cause of the buildings of those surrounding his (Architect, 2008). In my opinion, despite the fact that Mies had not formal academic training as an architect, he was undoubtedly a genius in the design and innovation of imposing 20th century structure, an era that in dominantly technological. Although he did not get formal architectural training, I believe that it was maybe his interest in philosophy that formed the basis of his style. But what is very clear about Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe is that his architectural style is here to stay. WORKS CITED Architect (2008). Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe Last retrieved from the World Wide Web on the 2nd July, 2008 from http://architect.architecture.sk/ludwig-mies-van-der-rohe-architect/ludwig-mies-van-der-rohe-architect.php Design Boom (2008). Ludwieg Mies Van der Rohe (1886 1969). Last retrieved from the World Wide Web on the 2nd July, 2008 Great Buildings (2008). Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe Last retrieved from the World Wide Web on the 2nd July, 2008 from http://architects.greatbuildings.com/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe.html Whitman A. (1969). Mies van der Rohe Dies at 83; Leader of Modern Architecture. Last retrieved from the World Wide Web on the 2nd July, 2008 from http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0327.html